AI waste management is often presented as a route to cleaner sorting, better routing, and higher-value material recovery. The evidence supports a more cautious reading. Artificial intelligence can improve selected technical tasks, especially classification and process control, but circular economy performance depends on wider systems: reliable data, collection design, markets for recovered materials, governance, staffing, and clear outcome metrics.
The scale of the waste challenge is already large. Global municipal solid waste production reached 2.56 billion tonnes in 2022, and under business-as-usual trends could rise to 3.86 billion tonnes by 2050, according to the World Bank’s What a Waste publication.… Read the rest